高科技產業人員工作壓力、壓力因應行為、組織賦權與憂鬱程度相關性之探討

The Relationship ofWork Stress, Stress Coping, and Organizational Empowerment to Depression of High-Tech Industry Employees

本研究探討高科技產業人員工作壓力、壓力因應行為、組織賦權與憂鬱之相關性。採橫斷式相關性研究設計，以立意取樣，在南部楠梓加工區一家電子公司、一家半導體公司及前鎮加工區一家電子公司，選取研發部門服務滿3個月以上之員工共290人。以結構式問卷調查，問卷包括工作壓力量表、壓力因應行為量表、組織賦權量表及憂鬱量表。研究結果發現：（1）本研究對象的憂鬱得分指標為25.7，並不特別高。（2）年齡愈小、未婚者、無子女者、非主管者及實際一週工作時數愈長者，其憂鬱程度愈嚴重。（3）工作壓力愈高者；壓力因應行為使用頻率愈少者及組織賦權程度愈低者，憂鬱程度愈嚴重。（4）組織賦權、實際一週工作時數、工作壓力及壓力因應行為憂鬱程度的顯著預測因子，可解釋憂鬱程度的總變異數48.7%。研究結果建議減少工作超時及工作壓力，增加組織賦權程度及發展有效壓力因應行為，可減少高科技產業人員憂鬱情形。本研究結果可提供職業衛生護理人員推動職場健康促進相關活動、規劃心理衛生與諮商輔導介入性研究之參考。This study explores the correlation of work stress, stress coping, organization empowerment, and depression among high-tech industry employees. This is a cross-sectional and correlational study. A convenience sample of 290 subjects who had worked in research and development departments for more than 3 months were sampled for self-administration from one electronic company and one semiconductor company in Nan Tze Export Processing Zone, and one electronic company in Kaohsiung Export Processing Zone. The structured questionnaires included Work Stress Scale, Stress Coping Scale, Organization Empowerment Scale, and Depression Scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D). The results showed that: (1) the score index of depression was 25.7 and thus the depression level was not very high for subjects of this study; (2) subjects who were younger, single, having no children and no administrative duties, and with longer working hours per week tended to have higher levels of depression than others; (3) subjects with higher work stress used stress-coping strategies less frequently, had less organizational empowerment, and tended to have higher levels of depression; (4) organizational empowerment, actual working hours per week, work stress, and coping with stress were all important explanatory factors of depression, and explained 48.7% of the total amount of variance. The results suggest that reducing overtime work and work stress, increasing organization empowerment and developing effective coping strategies may reduce depression of high-tech industry employees. The findings can provide occupational health nursing staff with references for health promotion-related activities, and mental health and counseling. The study may also serve as a reference for future mental health intervention programs in the field.