老年人工關節置換術前護理指導需求之調查

A Survey of Joint Replacement Preoperative Education Demand of the Elderly

本研究目的在探討老年關節置換術病人，手術前護理指導需求及其與社會人口學變項之關係。採橫斷式研究設計，共計90位北區兩所醫學中心接受關節置換術老年病人，進行結構性問卷調查。研究結果顯示研究對象的術前護理指導需求屬中上程度，標準化分數83.8，得分較高的項目是「術後下床時間」、「如何使用枴杖或助行器」、「傷口照顧」。公立醫學中心、與配偶同住、膝關節置換術、教育程度、社經地位、過去關節置換手術經驗與術前護理指導需求有正相關。其中在「醫院別」、「與配偶同住」及「手術種類」對老年病人術前護理指導需求具顯著預測力，共可解釋需求總變異量的28%。最後，根據研究結果提出設計術前護理指導計畫時應考量老年病人的社會人口學變項因素，以促進個別性及以病人為中心的照顧品質。The study explores correlations between the preoperative education demand of elderly joint replacement patients and their social-demographic data. This study adopted a cross-sectional design with ninety elderly patients who prepared to take joint replacement surgery. Analytical results demonstrate that the demands of subjects were above middle level; the standardized score was 83.8. The items「postoperative ambulatory time」, 「how to use crutches or walkers」, 「wound care」 were higher demands from subjects. Urban-hospital, living with spouse, knee joint replacement, education, socioeconomic status, and the past operation experiences are positively correlated to the patients' preoperative education demands. Three significant predictors of elderly preoperative education demand are: types of hospital, living with a partner, and types of operation; the total variance is 28%. The finding of this study can increase the health professionals' sensitivity to low social class elderly patients and provide better patient-centered care.