運用腹式呼吸法護理躁症病患之經驗報告

Nursing Experience of Applying Abdominal Breathing on a Mania Case

本篇主要描述運用腹式呼吸於精神科躁症個案的護理過程。此個案因情緒激動與人衝突並攻擊他人，而轉 入精神科加護病房，依據五大層面評估，確立個案之護理問題有：高危險性暴力行為、社交互動障礙等。經筆者教導個案腹式呼吸，藉著調整呼吸速率減低焦慮、放鬆肌肉，促使情緒平穩，進而改善前述之護理問題。護 理個案期間共18曰，在情緒不穩定時，鼓勵運用腹式呼吸，情緒激動情形由每天1-2次改善為一週2次，行為控制力增加，未再出現攻擊行為，可與人維持適當互動，且原本因注意力分散無法傾聽他人說話超過一分鐘，目前已可集中注意力執行腹式呼吸至少十分鐘，學習專注力也增加，進而可採用書寫方式、離開剌激環境、找 護士討論等方法來調適情緒。由此個案之護理經驗中，顯示腹式呼吸簡單易學，且可快速達到穩定情緒之功效， 值得臨床實務上推廣運用。This is a nursing process report of applying abdominal breathing on a manic patient.The patient was transferred to psychiatric intensive care unit due to her agitation followed by physical attack. According to the nursing assessment of five aspects, the nursing problems were identified : high risk for violence and impaired social interaction. Abdominal breathing was taught to regulate breathing rate, reduce anxity, relax muscle tone as wdl as stablize her emotion. Afterwards, nursing problems improved. Regular practicing was encouraged for 18 days to control emotion. Consequently, agitated episode decreased from 1 or 2 times a day to 2 times per week. Better behavior control and no more violence also were observed.The patient displayed not only proper social interaction, but also appropriate attention to listen and learn. Now she practices abdominal breathing more than 10 minutes a time. Furthermore, she coped effectively by writing, timing out and discussing with staffs. This experience indicated that “abdominal breathing” is an easy-to-leam technique to stabilize emotion immediately, and practical for clinic application.