護理長向下影響行為之探討：比較護理長自覺與護理人員知覺之差異

A Study ofHead Nurse's Downward Influence Behaviors: the Comparison of Perceptions between Head Nurses and Sta旺Nurses

本研究目的在探討護理長的向下影響行為；同時比較護理長自覺與護理人員知覺的向下影響行為。在一所醫學中心以方便取樣選擇47 位護理長及以隨機取樣選擇該單位之護理人員244 位作為研究對象，以問卷調查法收集相關資料。研究結果顯示： （一）護理長自覺與護理人員知覺的向下影響行為之頻率與有效性都未達中等程度。（二） .護理長自覺向下影響行為的頻率與效果顯著高於護理人員所知覺的頻率與效果。（三） ‧護理長的單位中護理人員數較少者，護理長自覺強制行為的頻率顯著較高。（四）護理人員的專業職等較高、接受行政管理課程訓練者，其知覺向下影響行為的頻率較高，呈顯著性差異。研究結采可使護理管理者暸解向下影響行為的重要性與其效果，以運用其未成功地影響部屬，做到有效的管理。The purpose of this study was to investigate the head nurse' s downward inf1uence behaviors and compare head nurses' and staff nurse's perceptions of head nurses' downward inf1uence behaviors. Forty-seven head nurses were recruited by convenience sampling and 244 staff nurses were recruited by using random sampling from one medical center. Results of this study were as follows: (l) The mean of the perceived frequency and effectiveness of head nurses and staff nurses fell below the moderate range. (2) The perceived frequency and effectiveness of head nurses' downward influence behaviors by themselves were significant1y higher than perceptions of staff nurses. (3) The smaller number of staff nurses per unit, the lower the perceived frequency of assertiveness by head nurses. (4) Experience in administration, and higher clinical ladder levels were correlated with higher perceptions of frequency and effectiveness of head nurses' downward inf1uence behaviors by staff nurses. Nursing administrators could apply the resu1ts of this study on management by using effective downward inf1uence behaviors.