護理學系學生人格特質與壓力症狀相關性之研究

Relation Between Personality and Symptoms of Stress among Undergraduate nursing Students

本研究目的在於探討護理系學生之「人格特質」及「壓力症狀」的相關情形。以內外向-神經質人格量表精簡版（EPQ）及壓力自覺症狀量表（SOS）為工具，就北部某醫學院86學年度護理系一至四年級的學生為對象進行分層隨機選樣問卷調查，共發出問卷139份，回收有效問卷123份，回收率為88.5%。以描述性統計及t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步複迴歸等統計方法分析。  研究發現： （1）護理系學生人格特質較傾向於「外向」及「神經質」；（2）壓力症狀以「認知混亂」、「焦慮」、「憂鬱」及「肌肉緊張」反應最顯著；（3）神經質人格傾向與壓力症狀各向度呈顯著的正相關，其中又以「焦慮」、「憂鬱」與「認知混亂」反應等症狀與神經質人格相關性最高。外向性人格特質僅與壓力症狀中的「認知混亂」反應呈顯著負相關。（4）護理系學生壓力症狀的主要預測變項為「神經質」人格特質及「男性」第二個變項，其解釋變異量為37%，修正後為38.7%。 研究結果建議在護理系課業安排中，應提供壓力調適相關課程，教師亦需因應不同人格型態的學生教學，以提升學習成效，增進學生對於護理專業的興趣與認同。This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between personality and symptoms of stress among undergraduate nursing students. Study instruments including the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Symptoms of Stress Self-assessment (SOS) were administered to all nursing students stratified randomly selected from one medical college in Taipei (n=123). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Person's correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The major findings of this study were as follows: (1) The personality trait of undergraduate nursing students tend towards extroversion and neuroticism. (2) Cognitive disorganization, depression, anxiety and muscle tension were the most severe symptoms of stress. (3) There was a strong positive relationship between neuroticism personality and symptoms of stress, especially for anxiety, depression and cognitive disorganization. On e extroversion personality was found negatively correlated with cognitive disorganization among all stress symptoms. (4) The predictors of symptoms of stress were neuroticism personality and male, explaining 38.7% of the total variances.The results suggested that stress coping should be include in nursing curriculum, and different teaching strategies should also be flexible for students' various personalities.