沈光文詩文集中建構的臺灣圖像

On impression of Taiwan derived from Shien, Kwang-Wen's literary works

"沈光文（1612－1688），字文開，號斯庵，浙江鄞縣（今寧波）人，被稱為「開臺文化祖師」是明朝末年時的一位官吏，對臺灣教育文化有很大的貢獻。明末時，與史可法共同抗清，後隨魯王退守浙江，魯王兵敗，隱居普陀山為僧。永曆帝立，因為他是明朝故相的後裔，於是召他出任太僕寺卿。一次，他從金門前往泉州的途中遇到颱風，漂流到臺灣，鄭成功禮遇他，並賜予田宅。鄭經嗣位，沈光文作賦諷刺政權，惹來殺身之禍，遂逃往大岡山、羅漢門等地，並在羅漢門（今高雄內門）出家為僧，之後，流離到目加溜灣社（今臺南善化），直到清人入臺，至此留在臺灣四十餘年，終老於此。沈光文離鄉去國，在他的詩文集中，滿懷亡國的愁悶與思鄉的心情。他得罪當權者，潛隱入山，教蕃育民並替人治病，而且創設台灣第一個漢語文言詩社－東吟社。本論文將從沈光文的詩文集作品中，分別從「思鄉離愁的慰藉」、「海角天涯的桃花源」、「物產生態的多樣」、「人文風俗的描繪」，以及「地理圖籍的記錄」，分析他建構清代的臺灣圖像。Shien, Kwang-Wen(1612~1688), also known as Wen-Kai, and Shih-An, born in Ning-Po, China. Served as an executive officer at the later part of Ming Dynasty, he provided major contribution on Taiwan's education and cultural history. At the end of dynasty, he led opposition military force with Shih, Ko-Farr, and fought against Ching's army. He retreated with King Lur into Ze-Chiang after their task force was defeated, where King Lur finally enlisted as a monk into temple in mountain Pu-Tuo. Meanwhile, Emperor Yung-Li of late Ming Dynasty, conscripted him as executive of Tai-Pu temple, since he was the descendant of late prime minister of the dynasty. He encounter Typhoon later during a boat trip from King-Men to Chan-Jou, and floated to Taiwan. Cheng, Chen-Kung, leader of the island at the time, treated him with courtesy, and persuaded him to stay with gift of mansion and land property. When Cheng, Ching succeed, Shien infuriated the authority with some satirical literary writings, and fled to Ta-Kang-Shan、Lo-Han gate area(now Nei-Men, Kaohsiung), where he became a monk later. Before the Ching Dynasty extend their military force into island, Shien moved over to society of Ka-Liu-Wan(now Shan-Hwa, Tainan), and stayed in Taiwan without going back to Mainland afterwards. Living far away from hometown, Shien expressed his worry and home sickness in his literary works. Offended the authouity, fled into mountainous area, he educated people including the natives, medical treated them. He also founded the first literary poetm and writing society in Taiwan, Tung-Ying Society. This thesis is to reconstruct the social and curtural surroundings of Taiwan in his cognition form his literary works."