再論WTO法中的「有效違約」理論

Efficietn Breach Theory in WTO Law Revisited

近年來，西方學術界出現「有效違約」理論是右可適用於國際貿易法特別是WTO法的爭論。本文簡要回顧該理論支持者和反對者的不同觀點和理由。某些學者基於經濟學邏輯支持該想法，其他學者則基於眾多理由對此予以批判。本文指出將該理論引進國際法所面臨的諸多困難。雖然激烈的爭論仍將繼續，但對WTO實踐不會產生實質性的影響。In recent years, there is a debate in western acadmeia circles about whether efficient breach theory could be applied in international trade law, especially WTO law. This paper gives a brief summary review on different viespoints and reasons hold by the supporters and opponents of the theory. Whlle some scholars defend that idea by economic logic, others critcize it on numerous grounds. The paper points out the difficulties of importation of efficient breach theory into international law. Although the heated debate will continue, it will not have substantial effects on WTO practice.