中藥蟬花活性成分之研究

Cyclodesipeptide and Dioxomorpholine Derivatives Isolated from the Insect-Body Portion of the Fungus Cordyceps Cicadae

中藥蟬花是麥角菌科（Clavicipitaceae）大草蟬草菌（Cordyceps cicadae Shing）寄生在山蟬（Cicadaflammata Dist）幼蟲的真菌，藥材包括其子實體及蟲體，是作為治療小兒驚厥，心悸，及鎮定的中藥。在我們擬由天然物中覓找生理活性物質的系列,發現其蟲體甲醇抽取物在植物凝集素（DHA）刺激下，呈現抑制人類單核細胞增生活性,其抑制度與濃度成比例關係，因此，進行其活性成分之探研，經本次實驗研究, 蟬花蟲體部份離出麥角甾醇（ergosterol），過氧麥角甾醇（ergosterol peroxide），白僵菌酮（bassiatin）及白僵菌酮甲（bassiatin A），白僵菌素（beauvericin），白僵菌素甲（beauvericin A），白僵菌素乙（beauvericin B）,後五個成分環酯　抗生素及嗎　二酮，係首次從中藥蟬花獲得，其中白僵菌酮甲（bassiatin A）更是首次由天然物界發現。Seven compounds have been isolated from the methanol extract of the insect-body portions of Chan-hua, and namely ergosterol (1), ergosterol peroxide (2), bassiatin (3), bassiatin A (4), beauvericin (5), beauvericin A (6), and beauvericin B (7). The structures of 1, 2 and 7 were determined by spectral analyses and by comparison with existing data from literatures. Compounds 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elucidated by spectral analysis and further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Among them, three cyclodesipeptides (5, 6 and 7) and two dioxomorpholines (3, 4) derivatives were not previously reported from Chan-hua. Bassiatin A is first isolated from nature.