藥用真菌，牛樟芝（Antrodia camphorata），生長於不同含醣培養基下，醣類化合物合成的探討

Sugar Flux in Response to Carbohydrate-Feeding of Cultured Antrodia Camphorata, a Recently Described Medicinal Fungus in Taiwan

牛樟芝，為一種近來在台灣被用作藥用真菌的木材腐生菌。本實驗將牛樟芝培養於含有不同濃度的葡萄糖、果糖、木醛糖、鼠李糖、麥芽糖、半乳糖及蔗醣培養基，以瞭解這些添加的醣類對於牛樟芝的生長速度及牛樟芝細胞內游離的單糖之影響。而發現1. 以葡萄糖及半乳糖在添加濃度40 g L-1 為碳源的培養基下，牛樟芝的生長速度快速。2. 牛樟芝對於添加以鼠李糖、木醛糖、及半乳糖在10- 80 g L-1 的濃度測試範圍下，其生長速度無明顯的影響。在生長60 天的牛樟芝菌絲体內，培養基添加葡萄糖能促進葡萄糖及阿拉伯糖的生成，蔗糖能促進甘露醇的生成，鼠李糖能促進細胞內鼠李糖的生成，半乳糖能促進葡萄糖及肌醇的生成，木醛糖的添加則抑制葡萄糖及甘露醇的生成。上述結果，將有助於牛樟芝菌絲体內碳水化合物代謝途徑作進一步的探討。Antrodia camphorata, a wood rooting and traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, grew on a range of carbohydrates including glucose, fructose, xylose, rhamnose, maltose, galactose and sucrose. The effects of carbohydrate feeding in the growth medium of A. camphorata were examined both in the respects of growth rate and the monosaccharide composition in the free sugar pool of the cells. Both glucose and galactose as the carbon source greatly enhanced growth rate in the concentration of 40 g L-1. Mycelial growth was insensitive to the addition of rhamnose, xylose, and maltose in all tested concentrations (10 – 80 g L-1). Analysis of 60- day- old mycelia showed that glucose induced the formation of free arabitol and glucose. Sucrose enhanced the mannitol synthesis. The addition of rhamnose was able to up- regulate the synthesis of rhamnose in the cells. Galactose up- regulated the formation of myo- inositol and glucose. Xylose down- regulated the synthesis of glucose and mannitol.