板藍根藥材之鑑別研究

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL IDENTIFICATION OF BAN-LAN-GEN

本研究對中藥板藍根藥材之四種基原植物馬藍（Strobilanthes cusia （NEES） KUNTZE） 、野木藍（Indigofera suffruticosa MILLER ）、大青（Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum TURCZANINOW ）及菘藍（Isatis indigotica FORTUNE ），利用生藥組織徒手切片法進行生藥組織學比較研究，並將切片之結果以顯微鏡鏡檢之，內部組織構造以彩色圖片表明。從本研究四種植物之內部組織構造中發現，馬藍莖具扁圓形或長橢圓形腺毛及長線形非腺毛，野木藍莖具長線形非腺毛，大青莖具1 ～3 個細胞之非腺毛，其他則不具有腺毛或非腺毛；馬藍莖及根莖可見鐘乳體；野木藍莖具有樹脂道；野木藍莖及大青莖可見草酸鈣方晶；石細胞則出現於馬藍根莖、野木藍莖、菘藍根、大青莖及根，且野木藍莖、大青莖及根之韌皮纖維與石細胞多個連生；若組織構造中見原生木部則其藥用部位為根部。本研究也收集台灣地區二十五家中藥店之板藍根藥材，進行生藥組織比較研究，結果顯示台灣市售板藍根藥材以馬藍莖為主，共二十三件；馬藍根及根莖一件；野木藍莖一件；而菘藍根、大青莖及根則未發現。This study used pharmacognostical anatomical methods to compare the microscopic characteristics of four original plants of the crude drug Ban-Lan-Gen: Strobilanthes cusia (NEES ) KUNTZE , Indigofera suffruticosa MILLER , Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum TURCZANINOW and Isatis indigotica FORTUNE . Their internal morphology were presented in color pictures. The results showed that the stem of S. cusia had oblong or elliptical glandular hairs and linear non-glandular hairs. The stem of Indigofera suffruticosa had linear non-glandular hairs. The stem of C. cyrtophyllum had 1-3 cells non-glandular hairs. Other species did not have glandular or non-glandular hairs. The stem and rhizome of S. cusia had cystolith while C. cyrtophyllum had prism oxalate crystals. Only Indigofera suffruticosa stem had resin canal. Stone cells were found in the rhizome of S. cusia, the stem and root of I. indigotica and C. cyrtophyllum . The bast fiber and stone cells bundled together in the stem of I. indigotica and the stem and root of C. cyrtophyllum . If primary xylems were found in the tissue, the root part was used. This study also collected twenty-five Ban-Lan-Gen specimens from crude drug stores in Taiwan. After morphological identification, twenty-three were identified as stems of Strobilanthes cusia, one was identified as the root and rhizoma of Strobilanthes cusia, and one identified as the stem of Indigofera suffruticosa. The root of Indigofera suffruticosa , Isatis indigotica and Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum were not seen in this study.