從溫庭筠〈定西番〉之一的題旨談到若干相關的問題

The Intended Meaning of Wen Tingyun's 'Ding Xifan' and Related Issues

本文以討論溫詞〈定西番〉之一的題旨為主軸，認為詞中所言「漢使」，似非泛稱，而係特定人物之指代。然非如華連圃所言之張騫，而應為羈蕃十九年的蘇武。本文從兩方面立說，以為：一、溫氏具此寫作動機。二、此詞內容最為切合蘇武心態。確認此詞題旨後，本文有詳細的賞析，並將全詞串講。除主軸外，本文並旁涉若干重要課題。譬如對〈蘇武廟〉詩及此詞的詳細解讀，則乃參合蘇武身心遭遇與作者學養及心態的切入方式，是一種新的嘗試。因而附論溫氏的創作技巧，諸如提出「留白」的觀念，以景語物語營造情境烘托心態的手法，探究其字句精密運用之情況等等。又如本文檢視夏承燾、顧學頡告等前賢舊說。覺得他們堂廡雖大，疏失不免，以鼓勵後學者對問題深探細索、推陳出新的學術態度。This paper explores the intended meaning of one of Wen Tingyun's 'Ding Xifan' ci poems, proposing that it was written to express the feelings of Su Wu who was sent on a mission to the Xiongnu and then detained by them. It examines Wen's motive in composing this ci poem and offers a critical close reading of the text to substantiate its propositions. It also compares Wen's shi poem, 'Su Wu miao' (The Su Wu Temple) with the 'Ding Xifan' ci poem to establish a larger context for the consideration of the latter, and to expose the differentiating characteristics of these two poetic genres. It ponders the possible connection between Su Wu's experience and Wen's scholarly disposition, suggesting a new perspective from which to evaluate Wen's creative art. It proposes the critical concept of liubai (a deliberate blankness) as a path to understanding Wen's compositional technique of tiaojie (a jump connection). Based on this close reading, the paper also corrects previous scholars' erroneous views, such as those of Xia Chengtao's in his Wen Feiqing xinian (Chronology of Wen Feiqing).