中國大陸銀行業之開放與我國衍生商機之探討

The Opening of Mainland China’s Banking Sector and Business Opportunities Stemming therefrom for Taiwan’s Banks

2001年加入WTO後，中國大陸金融市場逐步開放，2006年底對WTO承諾全面實施與外資銀行管理條例實行，外資銀行進入中國市場由以往的設立分支機構，轉變為目前直接入股投資中資銀行、轉制為法人銀行等模式展開積極布局，截至2010年底，資產規模占中國大陸整體銀行業比例不到2%，但利潤年增率達25%，足見中國大陸金融市場商機可期。隨2010年6月29日兩岸簽署經濟合作架構協議（ECFA），為我國銀行赴中國大陸投資發展帶來新契機。本研究將回顧中國大陸銀行業對外開放進程與外資銀行發展現況，並提出我國銀行業登陸發展之建議。

After joining the WTO in December 2001, mainland China gradually opened its financial markets. Once it had fulfilled all of its WTO commitments and implemented its Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-invested Banks at the end of 2006, foreign banks switched from their former mode of entering the market by setting up branch institutions and began their current practice of actively expanding their deployment by directly investing in mainland banks or transforming into locally incorporated banks. As of year-end 2010, foreign-invested banks accounted for just 2% of mainland China’s banking sector, but their profit growth had reached 25% per annum. This amply demonstrates the business opportunities that can be expected in the mainland’s financial markets. The signing of the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) between Taiwan and mainland China on June 29, 2010 brought new opportunities for Taiwan’s banks to invest and develop in the mainland. This paper looks back over the process of mainland China’s opening of its banking sector, examines the state of development of its foreign-invested banks, and presents suggestions on entry and development strategies for Taiwan’s banks in the mainland.