日韓產業發展之回顧與前瞻

The retrospect and prospects of Japan’s and South Korea’s Industrial Development

日本及韓國為因應日益激烈的國際經貿環境及未來全球大趨勢，均對其未來的產業發展訂定產業願景及策略目標。日本向來是我國產業技術的主要來源國之一，韓國則是我國在國際市場上的主要競爭對手，彼此間經貿互有往來、互有競爭。尤其近30餘年來，日、韓兩國的產業發展對我國產業影響頗大，其一舉一動值得我們注意並借鏡。日、韓兩國近年來先後提出長期的產業發展願景與策略，其中有不少值得我們未來研擬產業政策的參考，因此，值得我們深入研析。本文先研析日、韓產業結構現況及所面臨之困境，其後再介紹日、韓等兩國的產業願景及策略目標，並作相關比較，最後列出日、韓產業發展願景與策略對台灣的啟示。

To address intensifying international economic competition and the dominant trend of globalization, both Japan and South Korea have mapped out visions and strategic goals for their future industrial development. While Japan is a main source of technology and capital for Taiwan, Korea is Taiwan’s main competitor in international markets. Over the past three decades and more, the industrial development of these two countries has had a great impact on Taiwan’s industry, and hence their actions warrant close attention and study by Taiwan. Among the long-term industrial development visions and strategies formulated by Japan and Korea in recent years, there are many that Taiwan could beneficially refer to in drawing up its own industrial policy. To facilitate such reference, this paper first examines changes in Japan’s and Korea’s industrial structures, then explains and compares their industrial development visions and strategies, and concludes by presenting lessons therefrom that bear relevance for Taiwan.