文化協商與藝術表現的抉擇——臺灣蘭嶼與菲律賓巴丹島的比較研究

The Choice Based on Cultural Negotiation and Artistic Expression: Some Comparative Studies among Orchid Island, Taiwan and Batanes Islands, the Philippines

本文基於台灣蘭嶼與菲律賓巴丹島兩地高度的族群文化類緣性，採行比較研究的分析框架，試圖探究兩地文化協商與藝術表現的抉擇。本文將分別探討蘭嶼與巴丹島兩地當代的藝術表現內涵，藉由兩地不同藝術母題的文化意象與創作藝像，期能幫助我們理解兩地族人面對社會文化變遷的回應模式，並從中掌握其文化協商與藝術表現的適應抉擇。本文研究發現兩地當代藝術表現上皆有將文化地景、族群節慶、生態智慧與生活憶態等傳統文化「意象化」具體呈現的趨勢。另，兩地當代藝術創作母題上，蘭嶼與巴丹島分別以飛魚與鬼頭刀為其各自「藝像化」的表述發展重點。而面對日益興盛的觀光事業需求時，兩地族人則藉由學習觀光藝品「商品化」的運作邏輯來作為一種回應時代變遷的抉擇。從中，我們也能隱約看見兩地族人的生存韌性及其文化能動性，正以一種當代藝術表現的新風貌來傳達其面對時代變遷的文化協商與適應策略。

This article proposes the Orchid-Batan regional study framework and attempts to investigate the choice based on cultural negotiation and artistic expression between Orchid Island, Taiwan and Batanes Islands, the Philippines. This article intends to explore the manifestations in consultation with the artistic choices, by the different art motif of the two can help us understand the social and cultural changes the face of the tribe’s response mode, and from culture to grasp its adaptation decisions in consultation with the artistic expression. This study found that thebperformance of the two contemporary art trends individually presented the specific cultural landscape, ethnic festivals, ecological wisdom and memory states and other traditional cultural life “imagined.” Also, the two contemporary creative motifs, Orchid Island and Batanes Islands were “flying fish” (Cheilopogon ) and “dolphin fish” (Coryphaena hippurus ) in their respective development priorities expressed in the “representation.” And the face of burgeoning tourism demand, the tribe will be operating two logical learning tourist art “commercialization” as a response to the changing times of choice.