諮商實習生接受個別督導經驗調查：以高雄師範大學輔導研究所為例

Experiences of Individual Supervision in the Counseling Practicum at National Kaohsiung Normal University (NKNU)

本研究旨在了解諮商員在實習階段接受個別督導的經驗。研究者根據國內外相關文獻編製「接受督導經驗」之問卷，針對高雄師範大學輔導研究所博碩士在校生及校友進行調查，共寄出112份問卷，有效問卷85份（76%）。本研究依受督導者的教育層級、接受督導經驗、督導時間頻率、接受不同層級督導者等變項，探討受督導者在督導關係、督導架構與運作、專業發展提昇、督導的壓力與傷害、督導訊息提供、個別化督導等六個層面的經驗有何不同。研究發現，整體而言，受督導者認為接受督導的經驗是有幫助的。分析不同背景變項之受督導者在六個層面的受督經驗，結果顯示日間碩士班之受督者在「專業發展提昇」分量表上的得分，顯著高於教學碩士班之受督者；接受四十學分班學歷之督導者的受督者在「督導的訊息提供」分量表的得分，則顯著低於接受其他學歷之督導的受督者。此外，受督導者經常接受到的督導方式依序為講解、個案報告、示範、利用錄音（影）帶、角色扮演、現場督導、透過單面鏡或螢幕方式。受督導者接受督導的最大收獲可分為專業成長，包括概念化能力、技術和理論及其他等方面；個人成長則包括自信、省察優缺點、自我和專業的統整、自我覺察等。最大的困擾主要來自個人議題／困難、個人專業能力發展、督導功能、督導方式、督導關係、督導時間等。本研究並根據分析結果提出討論與建議。

This study investigated 85 graduate students at the Graduate Institute of Counseling and Guidance at NKNU about their experiences of being supervised. Participants reported that the individual supervision was helpful for them.. ANOVA analyses showed that those who were in a regular graduate program scored higher on the enhancement of counseling profession than those who were in a night graduate program. Students whose supervisors took 40 credit-hours courses at the counseling program reported to receive less counseling information than those whose supervisors had a master’s degree, or a doctoral degree. or were studying in a doctoral program. We also found that the most frequently used method was instructing, followed by case-report, modeling, video/audio tapes, role-playing, live supervision, and one-way mirror or a monitor. Further information was collected regarding benefits and difficulties of the individual supervision and suggestions for the counseling training program.