景岳婦人規調經理論之研究

Jing-Yue's Theories on Regulation of the Menses in the Fu Ren Gui

景岳婦人規調經理論的主要內容，源自於陰陽命門學說，其調經治病思想，認為月經之本，源於真陰，故調經之要，以溫補脾腎為主，主張經病虛證大忌寒涼剋削，於經水紫黑，強調真氣內損的原因不可忽視。經病虛證，重視虛火的辯證及用藥尺度，如一陰煎治腎陰虛微火，以口乾為主；加減一陰煎治腎陰虛有火，以口乾、舌燥為主；保陰煎治腎陰虛火旺，以口乾、舌燥、口苦為主。景岳調經處方的特色如以兵法部署方略，且多為自創新方，臨證用藥善於栽變古方。由於其臨床經驗，虛證者多，實證者少，故治婦人月經病重視填補真陰精血的方法，此影響後世婦科學術的發展很大；尤其近代學者應用景岳陽命門學說，結合現代婦科月經生理週期，卵巢基礎體溫及子宮內膜增殖期和分泌期的變化，認為月經生理週期乃人類機體陰陽消長轉化的規律，而發明了中藥人工週期調經法，對近代中醫臨床婦科治療不孕症有相當大的貢獻。

The thoughts on regulation of the menses contained in the Fu Ren Gui by Zhang Jing-Yue of the Ming Dynasty has its origins in the yin-yang and the life gate (yin yang ming men) theory. The root of the menses is in the true yin (zhen yin), and hence the key to treatment is warming and supplementing the spleen and kidney. He suggests that in menstrual disease manifesting in vacuity patterns, cold and cool medicinals should not be used, and emphasizes that when the menses is purple and black in color, the possibility of damage to true qi should not be neglected. In vacuity patterns of menstrual disease, Jin-Yue stresses the importance of pattern identification of vacuity fire and the appropriate use of drugs. For example, One-Yin Brew (Yi Yin Jian) is used for yin vacuity with slight fire characterized mainly by dry mouth; Supplemented One-Yin Brew (Jia Jian Yi Yin Jian) treats kidney yin vacuity with fire, characterized mainly by dry mouth and dry tongue; and Yin-Preserving Brew (Bao Yin Jian) treats yin vacuity wiht effulgent fire characterized by dry mouth, dry tongue, and bitter taste in the mouth. Jing-Yue's menses-regulating formulas are designed with the precision of military tactics. Most of the formulas are of his own design, ofter using modifications of ancient formulas in clinical practice. In his experince, vacuity patterns are more commmon that repletion patterns in menstrual diseases, hence he places emphasis on replenishing the true yin and supplementing essence-blood. This approach exerted an immense impact on gynecology for generations to come. In the modern era, Jing-Yue's ying-yang life gate theory has been combined with the modern understanding of the menstrual cycle, and changes in the ovarian basal temperature, and endometrium proliferative and secretion period. It is believed that the menstrual period follows the laws of the waxing and waning of yin and yang (yin yang xiao zhang), enabling the menstrual period to be constrolled artificially, thus contributing greatly to the treatment of infertility.