「萬安方」引中國醫書管窺

A Preliminary View of the Chinese Medicine Books Quoted in the ＂Wananfang＂

日本鎌倉時代的僧醫梶原性全(1265~1337)的著作《萬安方》62卷，是日本中世鎌倉時代末期最大的醫學全書。其內容主要是在摘抄中國宋和末以前書籍的基礎上，加述自己的見解和經驗。本書不僅收載了現已亡佚的醫書，而且首載了未見的醫書及其作者。因此，研究《萬安方》中所引用的書籍，對於探討當時中國書籍傳入日本，以及鎌倉時代醫學文化的特徵都有一定的價值。《萬安方》是中日醫學史上極其重要的方書，如果說《醫心方》是研究中國唐以前醫學的貴重資料，那麼應該說研究唐宋，特別是宋醫學的參考，非《萬安方》莫屬。時至今日，對於《萬安方》尚未見詳細的研究，筆者在編纂《萬安方》引用書名、人名索引的同時，對此書所引文獻進行了考證，雖實屬粗淺，意在引起中日學者的重視，期待著通過《萬安方》，促進宋醫學的研究。

The 'Wananfang' in 62 volumes by the Japanese monk-doctor Kajiwara Seizen (1265- 1337) of the Kamakura period is the greatest comprehensive medicine book from the late Kamakura period of the middle ages. Its contents are mainly based on extracts from Chinese books published during and before the Song dynasty, combined with the author's own views and experience. The extracts are taken from books which are now lost or which have never been seen. Therefore studying the 'Wananfang' is valuable for both probing into the transmission of Chinese literture to Japan and understing the nature of medical culture in Kamakura times. The 'Wananfang' is an extremly important prescription book in Chinese and Japanese medical history. While the 'Yixinfang' provides precious material for the study of Chinese medicine before the Tang Dynasty, the 'Wananfang' is an important reference for the study of medicine of the Tang and Song, especially the latter. No detailed study of the 'Wananfang' has yet been completed. When compiling the index of names of the books and people quoted by 'Wananfang,' we verified the references cited. This paper is only a preliminary study. Its aim is to bring the 'Wananfang' to the attention of Chinese and Japanese scholars to promote our understanding of Song Dynasty medicine.