超臨界流體萃取法在中藥材的應用（1）——厚朴與五味子

Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Chinese Medicinal Materials (Ⅰ)-Magnoliae Cortex and Schizandrae Fructus

利用超臨界二氧化碳萃取技術，從厚朴及五味子中分別抽取有效成分magnolol，honokiol，schizandrin及gomisin A。本研究使用萃取條件，溫度分別為40及50℃，壓力分別為3000，3500及4000 psi，同時亦進行了添加夾帶劑（正己烷、丙酮、乙醇）的萃取方法。各萃取物均以HPLC作定量分析。結果顯示，厚朴中magnolol及honokiol的萃取量是以50℃ 4000 psi時最高，但仍遠低於甲醇迴流的萃取量。添加夾帶劑對magnolol及honokiol的萃取效果增加有限。五味子中schizandrin及gomisin A的最佳萃取條件為40℃ 4000 psi，在此條件下，schizandrin有將近60%的萃取率，同時gomisin A亦有將近40%的萃取率。添加夾帶劑的萃取方法，並無法增加schizandrin及gomisin A萃取。

A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method was used for the extraction of bioactive compounds magnolol and honokiol in Magnoliae Cortex, as well as schizandrin and gomisin A in Schizandrae Fructus. In this study, the extraction condition used were 40 and 50 ℃, at 3000, 3500 and 4000 psi, respectively. Meantime, entrainers such as n-hexane, acetone and ethanol were added in the extraction. All extracts were assayed with HPLC. The results showed that magnolol and honokiol had the highest extraction yield when extracted at 50 ℃ and 4000 psi, but the yield was still far lower than the extraction by reflux with methanol. The entrainers did not increase the extraction yield to any significant extent. The optimum condition for extraction of schizandrin and gomisin A from Schizandrae Fructus was at 40 ℃ and 4000 psi. Schizandrin had approximately 60% extraction rate and gomisin A had an extraction rate arround 40% as compared to the methanol extraction. The use of entrainers did not improve the extraction yields of schizandrin and gomisin A.