冬蟲夏草在正常血壓大白鼠之心血管作用

The Cardiovascular Effects of Cordyceps Sinensis in Normotensive Rats

本文對冬蟲夏草菌絲體（蟲草）的心血管功能在正常血壓大鼠進行體內外研究。蟲草(CS)經熱水及乙醇依次提取後相繼得出水提物[CS(W)]及乙醇提取物[CS(A)]。提取物經靜脈注射均表現降壓作用，並為劑量依賴性。CS(W)和CS(A)的降壓強度沒有差別。體外心房實驗並顯示，CS(W)減慢心率，而CS(A)對心率無顯著作用，所有提取物均有正性肌收縮力作用，並呈劑量依賴關係。它們對體外由KCI誘發收縮的大鼠尾動脈均有舒張作用。對體外由KCI及phenylephrine誘發的主動脈血管環也有舒張作用，並且該作用部分依賴於血管內皮。所有樣品對細胞內鈣釋放以及細胞外鈣內流誘發的血管張力均有抑制作用。統計學上不同樣品之間的作用無顯著差異，但CS(A)的作用似乎比CS(W)強。蟲草水溶物CS(S)的作用最弱。蟲草經水及乙醇提取後，其血管作用功效提高。CS經熱水投取後再以乙醇提取似乎可消除蟲草的減慢心率作用。

The cardiovascular effects of Cordyceps sinensis were examined in normotensive rats using in vitro and in vivo methods. Cordyceps (CS) was extracted with water and then with alcohol to yield two sequential fractions, CS (W) and CS (A) respectively. Intravenous injections of extracts of Cordyceps lowered the blood pressure in the rat in a dose-dependent manner. There was no difference in the hypotensive effect of the aqueous CS (W) and alcohol CS (A) extracts. In isolated atria, CS (W) was negatively chronotropic while CS (A) had no effect. All ex tracts were positively inotropic and the increase in contractile force was dose-dependent following a transient decrease in tension after the addition of Cordyceps. All extracts were vasorelaxant on KCI-preconstricted tail artery s trips and on KCI or phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings. This was, in part, dependent on the functional integrity of the endothelium These extracts also relaxed dose-dependent contractions which were extracellular as well as intracellular Ca(superscript 2+) dependent. These vasorelaxant effects of aqueous and alcohol extracts showed no statistically significant difference. However, CS (A) appeared more active than CS (W). By comparison, a water saturated solution of CS [CS(S)] was the least active. An extraction process of the raw material with either alcohol or water as described in the present report would enhance the cardiovascular effects of the raw material and the negative chronotropic effect seemed to have been lost in alcohol ex traction.