臺灣產生藥「桶鉤藤」之生藥學的研究

The Pharmacognostical Studies on Folkmedicine ＂Thang-Kau-Tin＂ from Taiwan

桶鉤藤(Thang-kau-tin)為臺灣民間常用生藥之一，又名“扛香藤”、“石岩楓”、“鉤藤”、“糞箕藤”、“倒掛茶”、“桶交藤”、“桶溝藤”、“鹽酸藤”等，具驅風、解熱、鎮痛、止癢、殺蟲等作用，被用治關節腫痛、風濕痺痛、毒蛇咬傷，外用治跌打損傷，民間尚廣泛用來治療肝炎、肝硬化。有關桶鉤藤之基源，據佐佐木舜一、甘偉松等人之調查，認為係大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)植物扛香藤(Mollotus repandus (Willd.)Muell.-Arg.)之乾燥根或莖葉。但據著者收集市場品及現地調查，結果發現除上述植物外，尚有他種同名異物品在市場上被當作桶鉤藤來使用，其基源相當混亂。為了究明臺灣市售桶鉤藤之基源，確保藥效及開發資源，而從事生藥學之研究。經由生藥學之研究，確證市售桶鉤籐之基源為下列植物：(1)大戟科(Euphor-biaceae)植物扛香藤(Mallotus repandus(Willd.)Muell. -Arg.)的莖部或根、莖之混合物；(2)豆科(Leguminosae)植物菊花木(Bauhinia championii (Benth.)Benth.)之莖部粗大的藤；(3)茜草科(Rubiaceae)植物臺灣鉤藤(Uncaria hirsute Haviland)帶鉤之莖枝；(4)鉤藤(U. rhynchophylla (Miq.)Jacks.)帶鉤之莖枝。

”Thang-kau-tin”, a folk medicine of Taiwan, has been used as an insecticide, to stop itching and as remedy for fever, rheumatic arthritis, snake-bite, hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. To clarify the origin of ”Thang-kau-tin” on Taiwan market, the pharmacognostical study was made. By means of a thorough investigation and employing anatomical studies, it has been demonstrated that the origin of ”Thang-kautin” on Taiwan market is derived from the following species: (1) the stem or the mixture of stem and root of Mallotus repandus (Willd) Muell.-Arg. (2) the stem of Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth. (3) the stem with hooks of Uncaria hirsuta Haviland and (4) the stem with hooks of U. rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks.