受僱者之自評非致命職業傷病的盛行率、分布與相關因素

Prevalence, distribution, and correlates of self-reported non-fatal occupational injuries or diseases among employees in Taiwan

目標：探討受僱者在過去一年中，自評曾有非致命職業傷病之盛行率、分布及其相關因素。方法：分析2010年受僱者調查資料共男性9,511人與女性7,779人，以問卷詢問受訪者在調查之前的12個月中，是否曾因工作關係而受傷或罹患疾病，問卷也測量年齡、教育程度、工作年資、工作時段、僱用關係、每週工時、公司規模、職業等級、職場社會心理特質等變項。結果：受僱者在過去12個月曾有非致命職業傷病的盛行率，男性為12.86%，女性為9.82%；多變項迴歸分析顯示，無論男女，年齡較高者、工時較長者、受僱於員工人數10人以下或政府部門者（相較於受僱於員工人數50人或以上者）、營造業與製造業（相較於服務業）之受僱者、工作體力負荷高者、工作心理負荷高者，以及缺乏工作保障者，其非致命職業傷病之風險較高。結論：本研究指出發生職業傷病之高風險族群，為職業安全健康促進工作應重視的議題。

Objectives: This study determined the prevalence, distribution, and correlates of selfreported, non-fatal occupational injuries or diseases among employees in Taiwan. Methods: Data from a 2010 national survey of 9511 male and 7779 female employees 25~65 years of age were analyzed. Information regarding the experience of work-related injuries or diseases occurring over the 12 months prior to the survey was obtained using a standardized questionnaire. The age, level of education, work tenure, work shift, employment conditions, working hours, enterprise size, employment grade, and psychosocial work characteristics were also obtained. Results: The prevalence of non-fatal occupational injuries or diseases in males and females were 12.86% and 9.82%, respectively. For both genders, multivariate regression analyses showed that the following employees were at higher risk for non-fatal occupational injuries or diseases: older age; longer working hours; employment in smaller enterprises (<10 workers) or in public sectors compared to larger enterprises (≧50 workers); employment in construction and industrial sectors compared to service sectors; higher psychological job demands; higher physical job demands; and job insecurity. Conclusions: The Occupational Safety and Health Authority should pay attention to susceptible working populations to in an effort to minimize the risk for occupational injuries and diseases.