作為慾望途徑的中國－－資本主義在台灣的霸權文化

China as an Access to Desire: Cultural Hegemony of Capitalism in Taiwan

首先，本文使用葛蘭西對霸權文化的理論與福柯的治理性理論來探討在台灣的霸權文化為何，並主張雖然在表面上民進黨的「台獨」與國民黨的「統一」兩立場似乎是最主要的，但永遠都無法達到共識的競爭文化；然在背後，其實有一來自西方（特別是美國）的資本主義思想凌駕並超越統獨思想，此思想已經收編或消音了其他對於中國的不同看法，因此，資本主義才是在台灣的霸權文化。台灣在這方面並非特殊現象，資本主義的霸權文化乃是全球趨勢，在此趨勢的霸權文化中，中國因經濟而成為慾望途徑，使得台灣只能利用此資本主義思想來面對中國，免得在國際上遭到更大的忽視。本文主張霸權文化不一定是不好的東西，因其亦能提供一種跨國家身份的機會，資本主義思想為全球化的一環，雖然資本主義思想的解釋與實踐各地不一，但對兩岸關係而言仍提供一新的途徑。

This paper combines Gramsci’s theory of cultural hegemony with Foucault’s concept of governmentality to analyze how in Taiwan cultural hegemony is constructed. According to this paper, even though on the surface of Taiwanese politics and society the pro-independence green Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the pro-unification blue party Kuomintang (KMT) seem to be the main contesters striving for hegemonic control, but that in fact none of them will ever be able to achieve this. The reason for this inability results from another postcolonial influence; western (especially United States) capitalist thought, which has created a mode of thought that goes beyond the independence versus unification discourse. This capitalist way of thinking has to a large extent either already embodied or silenced other perspectives on China, making it Taiwan’s hegemonic culture. This has been a world trend for a while. Therefore Taiwan is not alone in this because China is the core focus of international capitalism as Taiwan is forced to utilize this situation in order not to be neglected in the international world. This paper also argues that hegemonic culture is not necessarily a bad thing, because it can provide a way to overcome the western framework of the modern nation state. Capitalist thought is locally interpreted everywhere around the world, therefore in cross-strait relations it might provide a way out of the current deadlock.