護理人員協助執行腦中風病人吞嚥訓練之指引及現況

Guidelines for Nursing Personnel Assisting Patients With Cerebral Vascular Accident Dysphagia

腦中風是近幾年來台灣十大死因的第三名，而吞嚥異常則是腦中風常見的併發症，目前台灣一家醫院平均僅約1 位語言治療師，每位病人能接受治療的頻率約一週一至三次，而護理師為臨床提供照護之第一線人員，但對於吞嚥訓練的認知程度不足，並且缺乏與語言治療師溝通交流的平台，若予相關訓練後協助語言治療師，在病房進行簡易的吞嚥治療，以增加治療的頻率及強度，將有助於減少腦中風病人鼻胃管的留置時間、改善吞嚥情形、並提昇其生活品質。故而未來應針對護理人員辦理吞嚥訓練的衛教講座，並且增加語言治療師與護理人員的溝通平台，以期改善腦中風病人的吞嚥情形，進而提升其生活品質。

In recent years, cerebral vascular accident (CVA) has been the third leading cause of death in Taiwan, and dysphagia (or swallowing disorder) is a common complication of CVA. Currently, the average hospital in Taiwan has 1.02 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and 176.88 nurses, which is a large gap. Because the swallowing therapeutic frequency for each inpatient is approximately 1 to 3 times a week, which is insuffi cient for those acute ones, educating nurses on basic swallowing training drills is crucial to increasing the frequency and tense of swallowing therapy, which will effectively reduce the indwelling of the NG tube, improve swallowing, and promote the quality of life (QOL) of patients with CVA. However, medical personnel were found to be relatively uninformed about swallowing training, and more effective communication between medical personnel and SLPs was required. As a result, to improve the swallowing ability and QOL of patients with CVA, providing dysphagia lectures to nursing personnel and a proper communication channel between SLPs and nursing personnel is crucial.