以生命週期成本觀點研析學生宿舍建築之維護成本與策略

Life Cycle Cost Analysis and Maintenance Strategy for Student Dormitory Buildings

建築物的生命週期成本近年來受到研究學者的注意，然而因為歷史資料難以蒐集且多不完整，少有研究能提出具體案例與數據資料作為佐證與分析。本研究以台灣大學7 棟學生宿舍為案例，其屋齡分佈於16 至49 年不等, 以近50 年之維護修繕資料進行分析，探討學生宿舍建築之生命週期成本比例。本研究以例行性維護成本、非例行性修繕成本與需求增加三個成本構面，提出維護成本預測模型，本研究先以統計分析例行性維護成本，再以馬可夫鍊模式預測非例行性修繕的發生機率與成本，最後歸納需求增加與關鍵修繕項目，研究成果顯示學生宿舍關鍵修繕項目為機械設備（ 冷凍空調通風） 、建築裝修和電氣等三大項，可作為維護修繕預算編列之依據。本研究並以專家訪談方式針對關鍵維修項目，提出管理對策作為建築設計，營造施工與使用維護管理規劃之參考。

Life cycle cost analysis for buildings has been studied by researchers in recent years. However, difficulties raised from lack of completed maintenance records. Few studies can provide practical cases and historical data for quantified analyses. Seven student dormitory buildings in National Taiwan University are examined in this study. With more than 4 decades of maintenance records, this study investigates and divides the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) as three parts: periodic maintenance, repair and demand change. Statistical method and Markov-chains are then utilized for analysis of periodic maintenance and repair cost respectively. Combining the real maintenance data analysis with the uncertain cost of demand change, this study proposes a cost prediction model for university dormitory buildings. Finally, this study provides maintenance strategies for future planning and guidelines.