「世界文化遺產」的監測機制對文化遺產經營管理的影響與啟示

The Influence and Inspiration of the “World Cultural Heritage” Monitoring Mechanism to Cultural Heritage Management Practices

文化遺產經營管理工作的績效（performance）已經是21 世紀各國家文化政策所關切的新焦點，文化遺產經營管理計畫的整合也是為了遺產管理能夠朝向永續發展，特別是監測機制的建立是非常重要的關鍵。相較於過去文化遺產所關切以修復為主的目標，現在文化遺產價值的追求與認同必須要滿足多元化社會的需求。1992 年成立「世界遺產中心」（World Heritage Centre）之後，1996 年世界遺產委員會將「系統監測與報告」（Systematic monitoring and reporting）納入世界遺產的管理體系，由「世界遺產中心」所主導的世界遺產監測機制，對於各締約國的遺產管理事務產生十分重大的影響。本研究將從管理學的角度出發，探討世界遺產的監測機制對於文化遺產經營管理體系的影響與啟示。

The performance of cultural heritage management becomes an emerging issue in culture policy across the world. In order to develop sustainable developments for cultural heritage, the establishment of monitoring mechanism is very important. Contrasting to the goal that prioritizes restoration in the past, it now shifts to meet diversified social needs in contemporary societies. After launching the World Heritage Centre in 1992, World Heritage committee brought systematic monitoring and reporting into the system of World Heritage management. The World Heritage monitoring mechanism led by World Heritage Centre brought several critical influences to the heritage management practices of state parties. This article examines the influence of the 'World Cultural Heritage' monitoring mechanism on cultural heritage management from a management standpoint.