永續校園實質環境評估指標之研究－－以臺灣國民小學為例

A Study on the Assessment Indicators for Physical Environment of Sustainable Campuses: The Case of Elementary Schools in Taiwan

本研究以台灣國民小學校園為對象，利用文獻回顧法找出與永續校園實質環境相關之評估指標群後，以專家評價法之『模糊德爾菲法』篩選評估因子，並以『層級分析法』求得各評估指標群及各評估指標之相對權重值。其中，全體專家對評估指標群之相對權重值序位為：『基地永續對應』0.290、『健康環境』0.215、『生態循環』0.205、『能源流循環』0.142、『資源流循環』0.108 及『維護、操作與創新』0.040。同時，經專家群體之分群分析得知：「學術研究者」專家群體最重視『健康環境』指標群，而「校園使用者」專家群體則最重視『基地永續對應』指標群。經以T 檢定及F 分配進行專家群體差異性判定得知：「校園使用者」之『所屬學校區位別』是影響國民小學永續校園實質環境評估指標相對權重值的關鍵性影響因子，而『基地永續對應』及『生態循環』兩指標群則需依區位別進行因地制宜之權重值修正，進而推導出『台灣國民小學永續校園實質環境評估簡式』。

This paper studies the elementary school campuses in Taiwan, and finds the related indicators groups by literature reviewing. It sieves out the appropriate assessment factors for sustainable campuses physical environment with Fuzzy Delphi method, and obtained the relative weight value of each indicators group and assessment indicators with AHP method. According to the experts’ opinions, the weight values are 0.290 for ‘sustainable site’, 0.215 for ‘healthy environment’, 0.205 for ‘ecological circulation’, 0.142 for ‘energy circulation’, 0.108 for ‘resource circulation’ and 0.108 for ‘maintenance, operation and innovation’ in sequence. The cluster of the academic researchers emphasizes on ‘healthy environment’, and the users of campuses think ‘sustainable site’ is the most important. By T-test and F-distribution, it shows that location of campus is the critical factor to the relative weight value of sustainable campus assessment indicators for the physical environment of elementary schools. The weight values of ‘sustainable site’ and ‘ecological circulation’ should be revised to suit the local circumstances, and this paper deduces the assessment formula of sustainable campuses for physical elementary school environment in Taiwan.