臨床情境模擬教學回顧檢討技巧

Debriefing in Simulation-Based Training

醫療臨床情境模擬訓練（medical simulation training）在目前醫學教育上，越來越受到重視。醫療情境模擬學習，大部分具有明確的學習目標，同時結合臨床情境，和學員以互動方式演練模擬臨床情境的教案，以階段及結構式情境設計，結束時進行回顧檢討及討論。模擬器（simulator）可提供安全、良好設計的學習環境，在不影響病患安全的空間及時間進行教學。花蓮慈濟醫學中心於2010 年5 月舉行了國際模擬醫學網路視訊會議（ Web-based International Conference on Medical Simulation, 2010 Hualien），其中邀請了來自美國俄亥俄州河濱衛理教會醫院（OhioHealth/Riverside Methodist Hospital/Center for Medical Education & Innovation）的艾德華波普教授（Edward Tharp Bope）分享了他在該院所推動的情境模擬教學回顧檢討技巧；經聯繫，波普教授同意本單位將該回顧檢討技巧引進台灣，並授權將英文指引翻譯為中文。本篇介紹此指引及做相關文獻探討。

Medical simulation training plays an important role in today’s medical education. Series of simulated conditions with high-fidelity simulators followed by immediate debriefing were analyzed and published in the literature. Those reports revealed improvements in clinical technique and performance by learning through simulation. Effective learning experiences require appropriate feedback. Debriefing is a special kind of feedback in medical simulation training that is unfamiliar to medical teachers in Taiwan. To improve the ability of medical teachers, a medical simulation conference was held by Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital in May 2010. In this conference, Dr. Edward Tharp Bope, from OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Center for Medical Education & Innovation, shared his excellent “Debriefing for Physician Guide” to the audience. We were permitted to translate this guide into Chinese and introduced it in this article.