醫療照顧體系中的健康溝通

Health Communication in Healthcare Delivery System

探索台灣民眾對於健康訊息及健康溝通的經驗。以立意取樣方式，選取大台北地區32位民眾，透過一對一深度質性訪談，收集受訪者關於閱讀健康資訊或文件的經驗，以及利用醫療照顧體系過程中與醫療專業人員互動溝通的經驗。研究結果發現受訪者的教育程度及年齡會影響他們獲取健康資料的管道，年紀輕或教育程度較高的民眾多選擇網路及書籍等平面媒體獲得健康訊息；而年齡大或教育程度較低的民眾除了電視及廣播方式獲取健康訊息外，多需仰賴醫療人員的口頭健康指導。目前國內使用的一些健康指導單張及醫療文件的內容，對於許多受訪者在閱讀及理解上會面臨到困難。醫病的溝通礙於看診時間短促及醫病間醫療專業能力的差距，許多受訪者無法與醫療人員進行有效的溝通。為促進民眾的健康及醫療照顧的品質，臨床醫療人員及衛生教育專家學者需重視民眾的健康識能程度，發展適合民眾閱讀使用的健康醫療訊息，並且提供一友善合宜的健康溝通環境。

To explore the public’s experiences of navigation in healthcare delivery system and health communication. This qualitative study used a purposeful sampling to recruit 32 adults in the greater Taipei area. We conducted face-to-face in-depth interview to understand participants’ experience regarding seeking for health information, communication and navigation in the health care system. Our results show that the sources of health information are varied by years of schooling and age of participants. Higher educated or younger participants prefer print health materials; lower educated or older participants reply on oral health information and healthcare providers. Print health materials and medical documents. Participants identified difficulties with reading health information and filling out medical forms as major challenges they face in their effort to obtain health care. The quality of health communication between healthcare providers and patients is affected by patients’ health literacy and the limited time of the patient-healthcare provider encounters. To promote health and ensure healthcare quality, healthcare providers and health educators need to take patients’ health literacy into consideration when develop print health materials and provide healthcare.