脊髓損傷者憂鬱症狀及其相關因素之探討

Depressive Symptoms and Related Factors of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

本研究旨在探討脊髓損傷者個人基本屬性、日常生活活動能力、自我概念與憂鬱症狀的相關性。採橫斷式調查及立意取樣方式，選取高屏地區135位脊髓損傷者。測量工具包括個人基本屬性、巴氏日常生活功能量表、自我概念量表與貝氏憂鬱量表。結果發現脊髓損傷後34.8%發生憂鬱症狀；損傷時年齡與憂鬱症狀呈顯著正相關；損傷年數、日常生活活動能力與自我概念皆與憂鬱症狀呈顯著負相關；自我概念、教育程度與日常生活活動能力可解釋憂鬱症狀56%之總變異量。本研究結果可提供臨床實務者瞭解脊髓損傷後憂鬱狀況，藉由提高正向自我概念，減少脊髓損傷者憂鬱症狀的產生。

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between demographic factors, self-concept and depressive symptoms of patients with spinal cord injuries. A cross-sectional purposive study design was used. All 135 participants with spinal cord injury were in southern Taiwan. Measurements included personal demographic data, the Barthel Index, Self-Concept Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory. Results revealed that the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 34.8%. The age at time of injury was significantly positively related to depressive symptoms. The time since injury, activities of daily living and self-concept were negatively related to the depressive symptoms. The predictors of depressive symptoms were self-concept, education and activities of daily living, and accounted for 56% of variance. These results may help healthcare professionals to learn about the depressive symptoms of patients with spinal cord injuries. Enhancing a positive self-concept for patients with spinal cord injuries may decrease depressive symptoms.