從正向心理學的觀點看臺灣初老期民眾的老化調適

Aging Adjustment of Young-olds in Taiwan: A Positive Psychology Perspective

本研究旨在藉由正向心理學的觀點來探討初老期民眾之老化看法及如何調適。邀請五位同儕提名適應良好的初老期民眾（二位女性及三位男性，年齡介於65至74歲之間），接受半結構性的訪談，訪談資料依循質性研究進行分析。研究結果發現：正向老化者除了對自身有正向的態度外，身心健康是首要條件；經濟安全會帶來好的生活品質；良好的親友是重要的情感慰藉；社會參與可以活化老年生活；正向心理有助於正向老化；適應良好與否可來自與參照對象之比較。最後，本研究針對初老期民眾及未來研究提出建議。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aging adjustment of young-olds from the perspect ive of posi t ive psychology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five well-adjusted young-olds aged between 65 and 74. The main findings were: (1) Positive aging attitudes would affect positive adjustment. (2) Physical and mental health were prerequisite in the adjustment to older age. (3) Economic satisfaction would affect the quality of later life. (4) Family and friends were the most important source of gratification regarding the emotional needs of the older people. (5) Social participation energized life in older age. (6) Positive mindfulness enriched positive aging. (7) The judgment of adjustment was dependent upon the choice of reference object. Based on these findings, suggestions are provided for young-olds and future research.