臺灣離婚調解場域的觀察與反省：訓練與性別

Court-Based Divorce Mediation Model in Taiwan: Is It Gender Fair？

近年來，離婚已成為國人解決婚姻嚴重衝突或關係困難的普遍方法。根據相關統計資料與文獻顯示，台灣離婚率呈現逐年成長的趨勢，與世界幾個主要國家相較，也僅低於美國、澳洲及南韓：除離婚件數的比例逐年增加外，婚姻訴訟件數則在1996 年至2005 年間大幅成長兩倍之多。面對上述家庭結構的變遷與瓦解，相關專業社群開始呼籲國人須正視並解決離婚及其衍生的社會問題，內政部統計處甚至提出離婚夫妻需先經過婚姻諮商以為因應。本文的目的在於介紹並說明國內外之家事調解工作模式以及理論基礎，並反省台灣目前調解委員的專業及性別意識訓練之議題。

The number of relationships ending up in divorce has almost tripled in the past 40 years, and evidence suggests that one-fourth of the marriages in today’s Taiwanese society terminate in divorce. Mediation is a process designed to assist separating couples in conflict to reach an agreement privately, confidentially, and informally. However, in the past two decades, the mediators in Taiwan courtroom have received little training in divorce psychology. The purpose of this article is to raise concerns about the reality in Taiwan court system nowadays. In addition, the authors provide some suggestions regarding mediator training, with special attention given to power and gender issues.