臺灣臨床健康心理學的過去、現在與未來

The Perspective of Past, Present and Future of Clinical Health Psychology in Taiwan

本文以台灣臨床健康心理學的背景脈絡與發展軌跡為整理重點，說明臨床健康心理工作的進展過程，特別是身心壓力衡鑑與治療的本土化臨床模式之發展，以知識與技巧並重之臨床健康心理學的實習訓練內涵之落實，以及分析國人有關壓力、健康與疾病的相關研究特點。不論實務或研究上，人力的增加與新血輪的加入，都是相當重要的。最後並基於上述的剖析，提出台灣臨床健康心理學未來研究與實務的工作重點，在研究上可以加強有關特定疾病的生理-心理-社會特徵研究及兒童慢性疾患的探討。在實務上發展以患者為中心，重視醫療人文、醫病關係以及促進服務品質的研究。透過醫護人員或臨床心理師以知識為基礎或以實證為基礎的訓練，轉化為個案可以接受並有處遇效果的服務。未來臨床健康心理學也要能更有效的從個人生活型態偏差與危害健康行為層面，系統地對健康行為的危險因子加以控制，有計畫達成健康預防的課題。而臨床健康心理師對慢性病治療全方位的與醫護人員合作性照顧亦是刻不容緩的。

The purpose of this paper is to review the development of clinical health psychology in Taiwan in the light of the programs of the study. Especially localize the clinical model of psycho-physiological assessment and therapy. Both knowledge and techniques to develop the training course are emphasized and the characteristics of stress, health and diseases from empirical study in Taiwan are also analyzed. It is found man-power and new blood in this field is very necessary. As the preview discussion, we proposed the most important future tasks, including: exploring the pattern of bio-psycho-social problems about specific-diseases and child chronic diseases; promoting medical care and researches with humanity to attain the patient-centered service; as well as training clinical staff to advance knowledge and evidence-based practicum and offering effective treatment for our clients. And further aim of prevention, clinical health psychology work need more effectively and controllably systematic strategies to modify ill life style and compromised health behaviors to counter risk factors of health. Finally, engage holistic approach to care chronic patient through inter-disciplinary cooperation.