國軍不同階級幹部之領導行為與相關因素

Military Officer’s Leadership Behavior and Related Factors in Taiwan

本研究目的為探討國軍不同階級幹部與優良典範在領導部屬時的領導行為，並瞭解影響其領導行為因素為何？採半結構訪談方式來蒐集資料，訪談國軍陸、海、空三個軍種之高階、中階及低階軍事主官與政戰主管領導幹部共十八員，其中包含優良典範三員。得到以下結果：1. 國軍不同階級幹部及優良典範的領導行為：「高、中、低階幹部與優良典範」領導部屬時，所表現出相似的領導行為，有「體恤」及「公私分明」等；「高、中階幹部與優良典範」為「勇於擔當」；「高階幹部與優良典範」為「授權」；「中、低階幹部」則是「以身作則」。2. 影響國軍不同階級幹部與優良典範領導行為的因素：大致可區分為「個人因素」及「環境因素」。其中影響國軍「高、中；低階幹部與優良典範」的因素，為個人因素中的「人格特質」與環境因素中的「部隊特性」、「部隊歷練」、「長官領導行為」及「部屬屬性」等五項因素；影響國軍「中階與低階幹部」領導行為的因素，為環境因素中的「時代環境變遷」及「角色定位」兩項因素。此外，影響國軍「高階幹部」領導行為的因素，為個人因素中的「年齡」與環境因素中的「軍校教育」及「職務覺察」等三項因素；影響國軍「中階幹部」領導行為的因素，為環境因素中的「組織文化」一項因素；影響國軍「低階幹部」領導行為的因素，為個人因素中的「情緒」因素。

The purpose of this study is to investigate Taiwan military and officers models leadership behaviors, and understand the effect factors. Subjects were 18 army navy and air force deferent rank officers with Mata- structured interviewed to collect the data, the main results were: 1.The high、middle、low rank and model officers have the same leadership behaviors were‘considerate’‘justice’.The high、 middle rank and model good leadership behaviors were‘brave to take responsibility’. The high rank officers and model good behaviors were‘delegation’. 2.Influence military leadership behaviors were ‘environment’ and ‘personal’ factors. The factors influence high middle and low rank officers leadership behaviors were‘personality ’, ‘unit culture’, ‘position rotation’, ‘supervisor leadership’and ‘leadee characters’. The factors influence middle and low class officers leadership behavior were‘environmental transition’, ‘role position’. Besides, the main factors that effect high rank off ricers were ‘ages’, ‘academy education’, ‘job awareness’.The factors influenced middle class officers leadership behavior were ‘organizational culture’,and the factors influence low rank officers leadership behavior were ‘environmental transition’, ‘emotional intelligence’.