第三路數之必要：從本土主義轉向文化論的心理學

Knowledge of the Third Kind for Psychology at the Cultural Turn: A Critical Note

本文是一篇批判的研究紀要。文化心理學的出現對於本地學術圈而言是個值得探討的議題。為了開啟某種討論，作者選擇以「本土心理學」來作為討論此一問題的開端。由於本土心理學採取的文化認同發生某種難題，也就是說，研究主體對於自身的命名變成一個難以理解的問題，因此作者從「我們是誰」的批判自省來進入核心的討論。本土心理學原是「兩種學科」分野之下的產物，但在當時的發生脈絡中，學術社群本身表現了不自覺的「東方症」以及「西方症」，使得認同發生錯亂，並以難言的「中國」症狀現身。當時的學術反省雖曾套用emic/etic的理論來企圖自圓其說，但作者認為emic/etic理論本身的「國籍」卻無法用「本位 ／客位」之說來予以安置──這就是文化心理學可以介入並超越的自我理解方式。

This is a research note with an effort to uncover the problems of self recognition in the allegedly “indigenous psychology movement” when comparing with the emerging cultural psychology. The cultural turn of psychology provides psychologists an opportunity for a critical self understanding, but when the indigenous psychology movement claims that this is the cultural psychology, the author finds that this is not, or not yet one. The problem of Orientalism as well as Occidentalism and the misuse of emic/etic theory have both been examined. The author finally appeals to a re-identification of who we as the subject of research really are.