青少年的生育價值與生育代價

The Views of Adolescent on Values and Costs of Having Children

本研究旨在探討目前台灣地區公私立高中、高職學生之生育子女價值的觀點，分析生育子女價值與未來希望生育子女數及生育抉擇的整體關係。最後，針對研究結論，提出對教育課程規劃、人口政策研擬及未來研究方向的建議與展望。本研究結果發現：（一）青少年對生育價值的看法，以「權力成就」、「親密情感」、「家庭愉悅」為最主要的認同層面。（二）青少年對生育代價的看法，以「成長負擔」為最主要的考量因素。（三）青少年生育價值因性別、教育類別、學校年級、交友情況、未婚懷孕訊息、母親教育程度等成長經驗的不同而有所差異。（四）高職生、男生在生育代價「教養責任」的層面上，有較高的認同程度。（五）生育子女數的多寡和生育子女價值有密切的關係。（六）生育抉擇因性別、未婚懷孕訊息、母親教育程度與生育價值的不同而有所差異。（七）生育價值中「生命充實」的因素，可以有效區別青少年意外懷孕時生育抉擇的意向；「道德價值」、「家庭愉悅」、「社會地位」、「喪失自由」則對未來希望生育子女數有某種程度的預測力。

The aim of this study is to investigate current public high schools, private high schools and vocational schools students their values of having children and costs of having children in Taiwan. Furthermore, to analyze the relationship of values of children, number of children to have and the intension over having children under the condition of unexpected pregnant. This study can be summarized as the following points. 1.Result shows a high ratio that adolescent would like to have two children in the future. 2.To adolescent, the main reasons for having children are “Power and influence, primary group ties and affection, family joy”. “Expansion of self, security in old age” is given less thought. 3.“Burden of growth” is the major consideration for young people to think of “costs of having children”. 4.“Values of children” varies due to self-experiences that influenced by gender, courses taken, education level, peer relationship, message from pregnancies before marriage and their parents’ education level. 5.Element “responsibility over children’s education” is most agreed by vocational school students and boys in the cost of having children. 6.There is a close relationship between “number of children in the future” and “ values of children”. Finally, the conclusions are drawn from the points mentioned above, and then the guideline for education program, the plan for population regulation, suggestions and outlook for the future researches are proposed.