牙醫師職業壓力與身心健康及職業倦怠之關係：以高雄市牙醫師為例

Occupational Stress, Health and Occupational Burnout among Dentists: A Study of Clinical Dentists in Kaohsiung

工作壓力不僅會對個人的工作滿意與身心健康造成影響，更會造成工作組織和服務對象的損失，而牙醫師被認為是醫護人員中工作壓力最大的族群，且牙科工作是項耗費體力的精細工作，身心健康與否將會影響牙醫師的工作年限與對病患的照顧品質。故本研究以高雄市執業牙醫師為研究對象，共發出197份問卷，回收有效問卷164份。研究工具為結構式問卷，其一是職業壓力指標（OSI），包括工作滿意量表、身心健康量表、壓力感受量表、因應努力量表；二是職業倦怠量表（MBI），包括情緒耗竭、去人格化、個人成就分量表。結果發現：（1）女性、年輕、未婚、住院牙醫師的工作滿意較差、壓力因應較差、身心健康較差、且職業倦怠程度較嚴重。（2）工作壓力與工作滿意、心理健康呈顯著負相關，與「情緒耗竭」呈顯著正相關；因應努力與工作滿意、身心健康、「個人成就」呈顯著正相關，與「情緒耗竭」、「去人格化」呈顯著負相關。

In the present study, one hundred and ninety seven copies of surveys were sent out to clinical dentists in Kaohsiung and 164 replies were received. The research tools were structured questionnaires. The first questionnaire was the occupational stress index (OSI) which included scales on work stress, job satisfaction, physical and psychological health, and stress coping. The second questionnaire was the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) which included assessments of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievements. We found that (1) being female, younger, single, a resident doctor were associated with lower job satisfaction, poorer stress adaptation, poorer physical and psychological health, and more severe occupational burnout. (2) Occupational stress was negatively related to job satisfaction, physical and psychological health, and positively related to “emotional exhaustion”. Coping was positively related to job satisfaction, physical and psychological health, personal achievements, and negatively related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.