親子雙方對循環性衝突的知覺分析

Recurring Conflict in Parent-Child Interaction: Different Perspectives

本研究之目的在於以日常情境中親子間的實際衝突為研究標的，深入探索親子雙方在衝突過程中的知覺歷程，並希望能進一步發現衝突之所以會循環發生的運作機制。本研究以兩對親子為研究對象，先用錄影機錄下親子衝突，再以回顧錄影帶並配合深度訪談方式，進行資料搜集。從研究結果得知，親子間的衝突歷程大致包含「衝突醞釀」、「衝突引爆」及「衝突緩解」三種狀態，而且此種歷程會在一次衝突事件中多次循環發生，直到雙方不再互動為止。在衝突之中，親方的知覺主要包括「期待與忍耐」、「發火」及「熄火與解脫」；而子方的知覺則包括「受迫與無奈」、「謹慎掃描」及「避免再觸地雷與解脫」。最後，本研究發現衝突之所以會重覆發生並形成越演越烈的循環現象，與衝突雙方僵化的互動模式及家庭系統運作有關。

The present research focused on real conflicts between parents and children in their daily life situations, exploring the parents’ and children’s perceptions of their conflicting experiences, to discover mechanisms underlying their recurring conflicts. Two pairs of parents and children were invited to participate. The conflicting processes of parents and children were videotaped and participants were later interviewed. Results showed that the conflict processes were generally composed of the following three conditions: ”conflict brewing”, “conflict explosion” and “conflict release”. Moreover, the above three conditions were often repeated several times till both parents and children stop initiating interactions with each other. In the conflicting process, the perceptions of parents included three steps: “expecting and enduring”, “losing temper” and “calming down and getting released”. On the other hand, the perceptions of children typically included “being pressed and powerless”, “being prudent and glancing” and “escaping from step-in the land-mine and getting released”. In summary, rigid conflict patterns during interactions between parents and children may be the major reason for which conflicts can not be resolved.