照顧一位性行為感染愛滋病個案的護理經驗

The Nursing Experience of Caring for a Patient with AIDS from Sexual Activities

本文探討一位因性行為感染愛滋病的34歲年輕個案，護理期間2007年4月6日至2007年7月31日，門診照護期間共會談15次，運用Gordon十一項功能性健康模式評估，發現個案主要的護理問題在營養功能障礙方面：筆者藉由教導口腔護理包括以茶葉水漱口及鼓勵個案與家屬參與照顧計劃；發展個別性的服藥及將服藥融入生活中，來協助個案克服。疾病調適問題方面：藉由維護病患環境的隱私，以開放與接納的態度引導個案說出心中的問題，來協助其因應；在高危險性行為方面：筆者藉愛滋病「性評估表」評估個案性行為，提供衛教及討論。焦慮－－照顧者方面：引導案母說出心中的焦慮，鼓勵案母協助個案參與照護計畫以減輕焦慮。筆者在護理過程中運用主動關心、同理心、接受等技巧來與個案建立治療性信任關心，進而協助個案因應感染愛滋病毒後所面臨的壓力與衝突，使個案於各方面均獲得調適。

We described the nursing experience of a 34-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from sexual activities. During the caring period from 06-APR-2007 to 31-JUL-2007, we conducted 15 interviews in the out-patient setting. We collected clinical data by observation, interviews, and medical chart review. The tool of Gordon’s 11 functional assessments was applied to evaluate the data. We found that the major nursing problems of this patient were functional nutrition disorder, disease adaption, high-risk sexual behavior, and anxiety of care providers. We taught patient about the oral care with daily tea gargling, recorded the daily intake, and discussed the food preparing with his mother, to improve his nutrition status. We also adjusted the prescription to fit his lifestyle and improve the drug compliance. To reduce the stress related to disease, we protected the patient’s privacy, discussed his problems with an open-minded, understanding attitude, and introduced support groups to him. We evaluated the patient’s sexual behavior by “Sex Evaluation Form” of AIDS. We discussed with patient’s mother about her concerns, provided her with information about AIDS patients’ care and AIDS prognosis, and encouraged her to participate patient’s care with healthcare professions.