一位憂鬱症患者面對母親自殺身亡之護理經驗

Nursing Experiences of a Depressed Patient Whose Mother Committed Suicide

母子關係是生命中最強烈也是最密不可分的，自殺身亡會造成遺族心理很大的衝擊，對憂鬱症患者來說，若沒有適當的情緒宣洩易造成精神崩潰，進而引發自殘行為。本文主要描述一位憂鬱症患者在面對母親自殺身亡，壓抑在心理的哀傷無法宣洩引發一連串的情緒反應。筆者於2007年6月20日至2007年8月10日的護理期間，透過觀察、身體評估、會談及電訪等方式收集資料。發現個案認為對母親自殺死亡難辭其咎，引發個人調適能力失調、潛在危險性自殺、無望感等健康問題，筆者透過建立互信關係、提供安全與尊重隱私的環境、鼓勵正、負向情緒的表達並提昇其調適能力，在他人的支持與肯定中找回自我，重新燃起生存的希望面對未來的生活。希望藉此次護理照護經驗，讓護理人員重視憂鬱症患者面臨喪親後照護上的獨特性。

The relationship between a mother and son is unique. The suicide of a parent can have an enormous psychological impact on the surviving child, often resulting in depression and self-abuse. This article describes the nursing experience of a patient with depression whose mother committed suicide. The patient experienced chronic depression. The author collected data through observation, physical assessment, interviews and telephone communications from June 20, 2007 to August 10, 2007. The patient felt directly responsible for his mother’s death. The author confirmed the diagnosis and found that the patient had some related mental health problems, such as ineffectiveness of coping skills, risk for suicide, and hopelessness. The author established a mutually positive relationship with the patient, while providing a safe environment and respect of privacy. The author also attempted to foster within the patient a positive attitude and improve his ability to adjust to his current situation and to look forward to the future, while involving the patient’s family and friends in the course of treatment. The nursing experience of caring for patients with depression related to suicide should be treated with delicacy and respect for the patient’s well-being.