北臺灣氣喘青少年健康促進行為及影響因素探討

Health Promoting Behaviors and Associated Factors Among Adolescents with Asthma in Northern Taiwan

本研究旨在瞭解氣喘青少年執行健康促進行為的情形，並探討影響因素。採橫斷式研究設計，以方便取樣法在北部一所醫學中心及一所區域教學醫院之小兒過敏氣喘門診選取共69位12～18歲氣喘青少年，運用結構式問卷及面對面訪談方式蒐集資料。結果顯示氣喘青少年健康促進行為執行頻率由高至低依序為人際間支持、生命欣賞暨壓力處理、營養暨運動、健康責任、預防氣喘發作行為，60.5％健康促進行為是分佈在約半至經常之間。經逐步複迴歸分析發現清楚本身氣喘嚴重度、醫師診斷氣喘嚴重度輕者及過去一年沒有請假者，其健康促進行為的執行頻率較高；這三項共可解釋健康促進行為31.2％總變異量。本研究結果可作為相關單位及健康專業人員瞭解氣喘青少年執行健康促進行為之指引以及發展氣喘青少年健康促進計畫之參考依據。

The purposes of this study were to understand the health-promoting behavior of the adolescent with asthma, and to explore its associated factors. A cross-sectional design was done by convenience sampling at the out-patients pediatric allergy departments in a medical center and a regional teaching hospital in the northern Taiwan. In this study, constructive questionnaire and face-to-face interview were adopted to collect the data of 69 adolescents with asthma ranging in age from 12 to 18 years old. The results showed that the order of the health promoting behavior of adolescents with asthma was as the following: inter-personal support, life appreciation and stress management, nutrition and exercise, health responsibility and prevention on the attack of asthma behavior. Most of the health-promoting behaviors frequency was distributed between 30% and 70%. The higher frequency of carrying out healthpromoting behavior for those adolescents with asthma who had more conscious about severity of asthma, doctor rated milder asthma and no absence during school period in past 12 months. We found that these three factors could explain 31.2% of the total variance on the health-promoting behavior by stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of this study could provide guidelines for the health authority and health care professionals in adolescent’s health-promoting behavior with asthma and development of health-promotion program.