糖尿病中老年患者生活品質及其相關因素之探討

Quality of Life and its Related Factors in Middleage and Elder Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

本研究目的在瞭解糖尿病中老年患者的生活品質及其相關因素。採橫斷式調查研究法，對高雄地區某醫學中心新陳代謝科的糖尿病中老年患者進行資料收集，共取得149份有效問卷，問卷包括：基本資料、社會支持量表、自我照顧量表、及台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷。以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、及複迴歸進行資料分析。研究結果如下：(1)生活品質之總分平均值屬中上程度。(2)「評價支持」、「訊息支持」、「整體性社會支持」、及「運動方面之自我照顧」與整體性生活品質呈顯著正相關。(3)「職業狀況」、「運動方面之自我照顧」、及「住院次數」，可預測糖尿病中老年患者的生理健康範疇生活品質22.0％的總變異量。「訊息支持」、「住院次數」、「運動方面之自我照顧」、及「居住狀況」，可預測糖尿病中老年患者的心理健康範疇生活品質18.6％的總變異量。「婚姻狀況」、「評價支持」、及「運動方面之自我照顧」，可預測糖尿病中老年患者的社會關係範疇生活品質20.9％的總變異量。「評價支持」、「經濟狀況」、及「運動方面之自我照顧」，可預測糖尿病中老年患者的環境範疇生活品質19.9％的總變異量。「運動方面之自我照顧」、「經濟狀況」、「訊息支持」、「住院次數」、及「婚姻狀況」，可預測糖尿病中老年患者的整體性生活品質27.9％的總變異量。期望本研究結果能提供臨床實務對提昇糖尿病中老年患者生活品質之參考。

The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of life and its related factors in middle-aged and elder patients with diabetes mellitus. A cross-sectional survey design was used and 149 subjects were recruited from the Kaohsiung medical center. The questionnaires included Inventory of Social Support Behaviors, Diabetes Self-care Scale, and WHOQOL-BREF. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The results of this study were as below: (1) The average overall quality of life was above the middle range. (2) Appraisal support, information support, overall social support, and self-care behaviors of exercise were positively correlated with overall quality of life (3) Occupational status, self-care behaviors of exercise, and number of hospitalization explained 22.0% of the total variance in physical health domain. Information support, number of hospitalization, self-care behaviors of exercise, and living status explained 18.6% of the total variance in psychological health domain. Marital status, appraisal support, and self-care behaviors of exercise explained 20.9% of the total variance in social relationships domain. Appraisal support, economic status, and self-care behaviors of exercise explained 19.9% of the total variance in environment domain. Self-care behaviors of exercise, economic status, information support, number of hospitalization, and marital status explained 27.9% of the total variance in overall quality of life. The results of this study could provide the nursing practice as a reference topromote the quality of life in middle-aged and elder patients with diabetes mellitus.