減輕手術病人焦慮之護理處置

Nursing Implementation-Relief of Preoperational Anxiety

為求醫療資源有效應用，近年來外科手術病人住院時間都縮短了，許多病人都是在手術前1至2天甚至當天才住院，護理人員沒有足夠的時間給予病人作心理的準備，生理層面的照顧成為主要的臨床實務工作，種種因素限制了護理人員提供心理照顧如焦慮處置。但手術前焦慮會影響病人手術後恢復、疼痛程度等。本文目的針對減輕手術前焦慮的護理措施做完整性探討，包括手術前衛教、音樂治療和認知行為治療，均被認為能有效減輕手術前焦慮，作為臨床護理人員在面對手術病人之心理照護問題時，能提供有效護理措施之參考。

Recent years, the National Health Insurance payment system has shorten the surgical-patients’ length of stay, resulting in reduced time for pre-operative preparation. Many patients are admitted one or two days before surgery. During such a short time, patients’ physical needs become the priority of nursing care and thus their emotional needs are often ignored. Many previous researches have demonstrated that patient’s preoperative anxiety will impede their postoperative recovery and increase pain level. This article stressed the importance of nursing interventions to relieve preoperative anxiety. Interventions such as preoperational health education, music therapy, and cognitive-behavior therapy are often being considered as effective measures.