癌症病童面對治療之因應策略

Coping Strategies Used by Children During Cancer Treatment

本研究的目的是探討癌症病童罹病後，面對疾病治療壓力所使用之因應策略；運用質性研究方式，收集14位10歲以上癌症病童（男孩10位及女孩4位）於罹病後之因應策略。資料來源包括癌症病童、病童母親及護理人員之訪談記錄、參與式觀察記錄、醫護病例記錄及研究者反應性日記記錄。欲探討因應策略，必須對引起此因應策略的壓力源有所了解，故於資料分析的同時，對不同壓力源的因應策略進行分析，運用Miles和Huberman(1994)之質性研究方法將原始資料歸納為描述性編碼及解釋性編碼，再進行編碼中的編碼而形成形態性編碼。研究結果發現，與疾病治療相關壓力的因應策略包括：一、情感導向因應策略：情緒抒發、逃避、承擔不適、轉移注意力及調整認知。二、問題導向因應策略：尋求資訊行為、操控行為、自我控制行為、自我改變行為及尋求社會支持。

The purpose of this study was to explore how teenage cancer patients cope with treatment stress. Fourteen cancer patients, including 10 boys and 4 girls, aged 10 to 18 years were recruited. A qualitative study design with structured interviews, tape recordings, informal chats with patients, parents, and nurses, observations of patients' responses to treatment, researcher's note, and medical charts were utilized in this study. Data were coded according to the within and between case analysis described by Miles and Huberman. Both descriptive and interpretive codes from the raw data were organized to establish the pattern codes. The findings indicated that the emotion-focused coping strategies included expression, avoidance, acceptance, distraction, and reinterpretation. The problem-focused coping strategies included seeking information, manipulation, self-control, modification, and seeking social support.