靈性概念之認識與應用

Cognition and Application of Spiritual Concept

「全人健康」(holistic health) 與「全人關懷」(holistic care) 一直是護理專業的核心理念，但是「全人」包括一個人生理、心理、社會、情緒與靈性層面，前面四個層面已有較統一的定義與認識，但靈性層面是多數學者認為重要卻觸及較少的領域。本文將從探討靈性定義、重要性、被健康學門忽略的原因著手，以說明靈性的概念。再者，靈性教育為護理提升靈性照護的最基本方法，因此針對護理靈性教育規劃應考量的理念、涉及的相關議題，以及可行的教育方式提出護理靈性教育的建議。

The core philosophy of professional nursing concentrates on holistic health and holistic care. The holistic concept considers the integration of the physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of a person. Except for the spiritual dimension, these dimensions are well described and defined. Although most academicians agree that spirituality is important, discussion with meaningful and helpful results has been minimal. Therefore, the purposes of this report were to ascertain why spirituality has been ignored in curriculum development for so many years, to define spirituality and to discuss the importance of integrating it into the nursing curriculum. Findings suggest that education about spirituality and the spiritual dimension of a person is a basic approach to improving the ability of nurses to provide spiritual care. Spirituality, therefore, needs to be an integral part of the philosophy and curriculum of nursing schools and incorporated into the design of their courses.