老年患者服藥行為影響因素的探討

Factors Influencing Medication Compliance Behaviors in Elderly Patients

老年患者為目前醫療用藥最主要的消費者，但國內外研究卻顯示有高達60%以上的比率未依醫師指示服藥，不但造成醫療浪費，亦可能導致生命危害。本文將針對老年患者服藥行為相關研究文獻，由患者生理、心理、社會、靈性等層面系統性分析整理，同時加入較少被探討的醫師與醫療措施相關層面的研究，彙整老年患者服藥行為相關影響因素，並針對文獻探討結果提出建立安全性、規律性、及方便性之臨床給藥與衛教方針，使老年患者藥物的服用不再隨性所致，而能真正發揮服藥療效，減少用藥傷害與醫療資源的浪費。

Elderly patients are the largest consumers of medications. However, national and international studies show that more than 60% of the elderly are not compliant with doctors' prescriptions. This is not only a waste of medical resources, but could also endanger the lives of the elderly patients. The primary purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review and analysis of the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of patients' medication compliance behaviors. A secondary purpose was to analyze the relationship between the doctors' prescriptions and the patients' medication compliance behaviors. As a result of the review, recommendations related to safety, regulation, convenience, and patient education were established to help elderly patients with compliance, to enhance the effectiveness of the medications, to minimize unnecessary side effects, and to reduce the waste of medical resources.