乳房腫瘤婦女術前不確定感、調適策略及其相關性之探討

Relationship between Uncertainty and Coping Strategies of Preoperative Women with Breast Tumors

本研究主要目的在於探討乳房腫瘤婦女接受手術之前，自覺不確定感程度、調適策略以及二者之間的相關性。本研究採結構式問卷調查法，以立意取樣的方式進行資料的收集，共收得乳房腫瘤婦女67位。資料收集完成後，利用電腦套裝軟體進行資料的建檔與分析，研究結果顯示：乳房腫瘤婦女術前可能承受中等程度以上的不確定感；較常使用的調適策略項目為問題處理、樂觀態度和社會支持；較少使用情緒處理、轉移注意和逃避等調適策略；不確定感與調適策略中的逃避、悲觀態度和情緒處理呈顯著性正相關；年齡越大不確定感程度越大。基於以上發現，建議護理人員在面對接受手術之前，尤其是年齡層越大的乳房腫瘤婦女時，應利用有效的措施使患者得到希望的維持，以及協助使用個人常用而有效的調適策略以處理不確定感並促進調適的過程。本研究結果亦可提供未來護理研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the uncertainty and coping strategies of women with breast tumors prior to their surgery. A survey was conducted to collect data from 67 women who had breast tumors. Results showed that their level of uncertainty preoperatively was moderate. Most frequently they used confrontive, optimistic, and supporting coping strategies. The emotive, palliative and evasive coping strategies were the least used strategies. A significant positive correlation was found between uncertainty and three coping strategies - evasive, fatalistic and emotive. Age and uncertainty were also significantly and positively correlated. Results suggest that nurses can use more effective interventions to maintain women's hope when women face surgery for breast tumors especially for older women. The findings also suggest that nurses can assist women to reduce their level of uncertainty and enhance their coping process before surgery.