老人因跌倒而就醫的健康照護需要及其相關因素之探討－－前趨研究

Health Care Needs and Related Factors in the Elderly Following a Fall: A Pilot Study

本研究目的為瞭解因跌倒而就醫的老人之健康照護需要的變化及其影響因素。本研究為世代研究法，採立意取樣共收案41位因跌倒而至某醫學中心急診就醫之60歲或以上病患為對象，在三個月內進行三次會談以收集資料。研究結果發現：出院後三個月內健康照護需要程度以第一個月為最高，而健康照護需要滿足程度則會隨出院後時間的增加而增加；利用逐步複迴歸分析法發現：影響跌後一個月之健康照護需要變項為出院時復原狀況，解釋變異量為20%；影響跌倒後一個月及三個月之健康照護滿足變項各為跌前家庭功能及社會功能，解釋變異量各為21.5%及15.5%。本研究結果將有助於護理人員發展跌倒老人之健康照護需要量表及出院準備服務，以提升老人跌倒預後的情形及滿足其繼續性照護需要。

The purpose of this study was to understand the changes in health care needs of elderly patients after they fall. This cohort study used purposive sampling. Forty one elderly patients 60 years of age and older and who had fallen were recruited into this study. Data were collected during three interviews in a three-month period. Major findings showed that their health care needs were highest during the first month after the fall and that satisfaction of health care needs increased as time passed. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that discharge 'recovery condition' explained 20% of the variability in satisfaction of health care needs in the first month. 'family function' and 'social function' explained 21.5% and 15.5% of the variability in the first and the third months, respectively. The results can assist nurses to develop an appropriate health care needs questionnaire and discharge planning for elderly patients who fall. Implementation of the plan aims to improve their post-fall condition ling and meet their continuous care needs.