婦女孕期噁心嘔吐之內心感受與護理需求

The Perception and Nursing Care Needs for Women with Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy

本現象學研究在於描述台灣婦女孕期噁心、嘔吐生活經驗的內心感受與護理需求。與十位符合收案標準的準媽媽進行深度訪談，以獲取她們的主觀經驗，所有訪談內容均先經由準媽媽同意予以錄音，於訪談結束後將內容逐句轉寫成文字記錄，並根據Colaizzi的現象學分析步驟進行資料的分析；資料收集與分析之嚴謹度的控制則採用審核性、信用性、適合性及確定性等四方面來進行評價。台灣婦女孕期噁心嘔吐之內心感受可歸納為刻骨銘心的酸楚、「了無生趣」感、難以言語形容的感受、不相吻合感、詭譎多變的口味感及想要終止妊娠的意念；而其護理需求則包括護理人員主動提供相關的護理服務和護理人員良好的態度。俗稱「害喜」的妊娠期噁心嘔吐相當影響孕婦的生活品質。深入瞭解婦女孕期噁心嘔吐之內心感受與護理需求，可作為本土化護理臨床實務與教學之參考，亦可經由此初步之探討作為往後進一步研究之方向及依據。

This phenomenological study was conducted to understand the perception and nursing care needs for Taiwanese women with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Ten expectant mothers who met the criteria for inclusion agreed to participate in this study. All participants were interviewed; the interviews were tape-recorded. After interviews were completed, all data were transcribed word by word according to Colaizzi's steps of phenomenological analysis. Data were evaluated using auditability, credibility, fittingness, and confirmability to obtain trustworthiness. The perception of women with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy were inductively categorized as follows: sense of being engraved on one's heart, sense of a joyless life, sense of beyond description, sense of mismatchedness, sense of treacherous and easily changeable taste, and the idea of termination. The nursing needs for women with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy included providing related nursing care and approaching the woman with a professional attitude. The symptoms of nausea and vomiting affect the pregnant women's quality of life. The findings of this study serve as a reference for clinical practice and nursing education and as a guide for further nursing research.