加護病房中早產兒父母之人格特質、社會支持、壓力感受與身心反應之相關研究

Parents' Personality, Social Support, Stress Response, and Psychological Response to Their Premature Infant in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

本研究的主要目的乃是探討NICU中早產兒父母的人格特質、社會支持、壓力感受與身心反應的相關性。研究方法為橫斷性量性研究，以結構性問卷為測量工具。研究對象的選取方式採立意取樣(purposive sampling)，共收集110位PNICU之早產兒父母（父親n=58，母親n=52）。研究結果顯示：母親的外控人格特質與「嬰兒的外觀和行為」、憂鬱、焦慮及整體身心反應呈顯著正相關；訊息及實質支持與母親之「身體化症狀」呈顯著負相關，但社會支持與早產兒父母之壓力感受無顯著相關性；另外，早產兒父母的整體壓力感受與整體身心反應呈顯著正相關。

The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the relationship of internal-external personality, social support, stress, and psychological responses of parents with premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 110 parents (58 fathers and 52 mothers) whose infants were in NICU. Results showed a positive relationship between the external personality of mothers and 1) the appearance and behavior of infants, 2) anxiety of mothers, and 3) depression of mothers. In contrast, a negative relationship was found between information and 1) tangible support and 2) somatization of mothers. However, no significance was found between social support and stress of premature infants' parents. Finally, the overall stress of premature infants' parents and somatic responses were positively correlated.