衛生所公共衛生護理人員提供社區老人健康照護能力之探討

Competence of the Health Care for the Elderly of the Public Health Nurses

本研究目的在了解衛生所公共衛生護理人員對老人提供健康照護的能力。於民國87年10月至12月針對基隆市、彰化縣、台南市、台東縣及高雄市五縣市衛生所的護理人員，共375位進行收案，完成有效問卷319人(85.1%)。研究結果顯示：1.衛生所公共衛生護理人員提供社區老人的健康照護能力總得分為77.2分（滿分125）。其四個因素平均得分依序為(1)提供老人預防保健的服務能力15.9分（滿分20）(2)評估老人健康狀況的基本技巧18.8分（滿分30）(3)改變老人不良健康行為的能力12.0分（滿分20）(4)需相關資源或特殊技術的服務能力30.7分（滿分55），後面兩項是較須加強訓練或協助的能力。2.公衛護理人員對提供老人服務的興趣並不高，但對於學習「提供社區老人健康照護能力」，有63%的人表示對二十五個項目皆有興趣，其中有十四個(56%)項目是被90%的人認為有需要的。3.衛生所公共衛生護理人員專業的資格及照顧老人的經驗與老人健康照護能力是有相關的。建議產、官、學各界共同合作，積極提昇衛生所公共衛生護理人員服務社區老人的能力。

The purpose of this study was to understand the competence of public health nurses who provided the health care for the elderly. The subjects had been selected from health stations of Taiwan. There were 375 subjects, which were the public health nurses of Keelung City, Changhua County, Tainan City, Taitung County, and Kaohsuing City. About 319 of them responded our structured-questionnaire (with 85.1% of effective subjects). The. period of investigation was from October to December in 1998. The main conclusions of this study were: 1. The competence score of public health nurses in the health stations for providing the elderly health care in community was 77.2 score (perfect score 125). The order of the mean score of four aspects was (1) the competence score of providing prevention care for the elderly was 15.9 score(perfect score 20) (2) the basic skills score of assessing the health status of the elderly was 18.7 score(perfect score 30) (3) the competence score of reforming the bad health behaviors of the elderly was 12.0 score(perfect score 20) and (4) the competence score which needs the related resources or technique of the elderly health care services was 30.7 score(perfect score 55) Therefore, the last two aspects were the two of most needed improvement. 2. The interesting of public health nurses for providing the elderly health care that was rarely. But, 63% public health nurses would like to learning the competence of 25 items, 90% public health nurses wanted to learn the competence of 14 items. 3. The professional qualification and the elderly care experience of public health nurses were the significant correlation with competence of providing the elderly health care. We suggested that practitioners, administrators and researchers to collaborate in promoting the competence of public health nurses for providing the elderly health care in communities.